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Trust Audit Guide: 22 Signals That Make A Website Look Legitimate

The Website Trust Audit is a passive screening tool. It reads publicly observable signals about a domain and grades it 0–100. This guide explains every signal, why it matters, how it's weighted and what to do when you fail one. It also covers what the audit can and can't tell you, so you can use the result with confidence rather than as a magic verdict.

What the Trust Audit is for

Use the trust audit for due diligence, vendor screening, competitor analysis and fraud investigation. It answers one question well: does this website have the structural markers of a legitimate operation, or does it have the markers of a scam, throwaway site, or undisclosed front? It is not a guarantee. A site can score well and still be malicious; a site can score poorly and be perfectly legitimate (new businesses, privacy-conscious individuals, sites in restrictive jurisdictions). The grade is a screening tool that focuses your attention.

The 8 categories and their weights

CategoryMax pointsWhat it measures
Domain18Age, WHOIS presence, registrar identifiable
Reputation18Safe Browsing, backlink spam score
Authority15Referring domains, total backlinks, domain rank
Identity12Email, phone, Organization schema, social profiles
Behaviour10robots.txt, crawler policy, AI crawler policy
On-Page10About, Contact, Privacy, Terms links
Technology7Detected stack and recognised platform
TLD risk10Top-level-domain abuse risk rating

Domain signals (18 pts)

Domain over 1 year old — 8 pts

New domains are routinely abused. Scam sites typically live for weeks to months before being abandoned. A domain registered over a year ago has invested time, hosting fees and ongoing maintenance — substantial friction that scammers usually avoid.

Domain over 3 years old — 5 pts

Established domains rank better and accumulate reputational weight. Domain ownership transfers do not reset the registration date in WHOIS, so acquiring an established domain in your niche is a legitimate shortcut.

Registration data available — 3 pts

A published WHOIS record is a transparency signal. Privacy proxies are common and legal (post-GDPR many registrars hide registrant details by default for EU TLDs), so a hidden WHOIS is not a red flag in itself — but a completely empty WHOIS combined with other weak signals is.

Registrar identifiable — 2 pts

A named registrar (GoDaddy, Namecheap, Cloudflare, Google Domains, OVH, IONOS) adds accountability. Obscure shell registrars used heavily by abusers (think .tk free registrars) are a fraud signal.

Reputation signals (18 pts)

Google Safe Browsing clean — 12 pts

If Google's Safe Browsing flags a domain as malware, phishing, social engineering or unwanted software, modern browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari) show full-page warnings before users can proceed. This is the single most weight-bearing signal in the entire audit because the consequence to real visitors is direct and immediate.

Safe Browsing requires a free Google Cloud API key. Until GOOGLE_SAFE_BROWSING_KEY is configured in your site's environment, this check is skipped (no penalty, no credit).

Backlink spam score below 30 — 6 pts

DataForSEO's spam score (0–100) reflects how toxic a site's backlink profile looks. Sites linked predominantly from low-quality directories, comment spam, link farms and PBNs score 60+. Sites with healthy editorial backlinks score under 20.

Authority signals (15 pts)

Has referring domains — 5 pts

Inbound links from any other domain are a foundational authority signal. A site with zero referring domains is either brand new, intentionally private, or a freshly stood-up scam.

At least 10 referring domains — 5 pts

Real businesses accumulate references quickly — partner mentions, supplier listings, customer case studies, press coverage, industry directories. Ten referring domains is a low bar that healthy sites cross within months.

Domain rank above 20 — 5 pts

DataForSEO's domain_rank correlates with overall search visibility. Above 20 indicates real organic reach. Established brand sites run 50–80; major publishers run 700+ (BBC scores 692, for context).

Identity signals (12 pts)

Contact email visible on homepage — 4 pts

A publicly displayed contact email is a basic identity signal. Use a domain-matched address (info@yourdomain.com) rather than gmail. Scammers usually avoid leaving contact trails.

Phone number visible on homepage — 3 pts

A real phone number is harder to fake than an email and adds accountability. For YMYL ("your money or your life") sites — health, finance, legal — this matters most.

Organization schema present — 3 pts

JSON-LD Organization schema (or LocalBusiness, NewsMediaOrganization) helps search engines and AI engines identify your business. Required fields: name, url, logo; recommended: contactPoint, sameAs for social profiles. Our AI Schema Generator produces this automatically.

Social profiles linked — 2 pts

Linking from your footer to real social accounts (Facebook, X/Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, YouTube) provides cross-verification. Each profile is itself a discoverable identity record.

Behaviour signals (10 pts)

robots.txt present — 3 pts

A basic robots.txt at /robots.txt is a hygiene signal. Even an allow-all file (User-agent: * Allow: /) demonstrates someone considered crawler policy.

Does not block all crawlers — 4 pts

Sites that hide entirely from all search engines (User-agent: * Disallow: /) are unusual. Legitimate reasons exist (staging sites, paywalled content) but they're rare on consumer-facing domains.

Allows AI crawlers — 3 pts

Allowing GPTBot, ClaudeBot and PerplexityBot helps your visibility in modern AI search. Blocking them is a deliberate choice — sometimes the right one (e.g. for content licensors) but typically a cost in 2026 visibility terms.

On-page trust signals (10 pts)

Four checks — About link, Contact link, Privacy policy link, Terms link — worth 3, 3, 2, 2 points respectively. These are basic operational pages that legitimate businesses provide and most scam sites omit. Their presence on the homepage is what's measured, not the depth of content behind each link.

Technology stack (7 pts)

Technology stack detected — 4 pts

If DataForSEO's crawler can identify any technologies on your site (HSTS, HTTP/3, a CDN, a framework, an analytics tag), it has been crawled and fingerprinted. Empty detection often means freshly stood-up or aggressively cloaked sites.

Recognised CMS or platform — 3 pts

WordPress, Shopify, Wix, Squarespace, Drupal, Magento, Joomla, Webflow, Ghost, Contentful — mainstream platforms have established trust patterns and known security baselines. Custom-built sites can compensate with stronger identity and authority signals.

TLD risk (10 pts)

The top-level domain itself carries reputational weight. Free or near-free TLDs (.tk, .ml, .ga, .cf, .gq) and high-volume cheap TLDs (.top, .xyz, .click) are heavily overrepresented in scam traffic. Premium-priced TLDs (.com, .org, .net, country-code TLDs) see disproportionately less abuse because the per-domain registration cost filters out throwaway operators.

Risk levelExample TLDsPoints awarded
Low.com .org .net .co.uk .de .fr .ai .io10
Medium.info .biz .site .store .pro3
High.online .work .stream .buzz .icu0
Very high.tk .ml .ga .cf .gq .top .xyz0

How the score translates to a grade

ScoreGradeVerdict
80–100ATrustworthy — strong across the board
60–79BGenerally trustworthy — solid foundations with gaps
40–59CMixed signals — verify before transacting
20–39DUse caution — significant trust deficits
0–19FHigh risk — multiple red flags
💡 A new, legitimate business may score in the 40–60 range simply because domain age and authority both take time to build. Use the per-category breakdown rather than the single number — Domain 0/4 with Identity 4/4 looks very different to Domain 4/4 with Identity 0/4 even if both score 50.

What the audit doesn't tell you

The trust audit can't read intent. It can't tell you whether a site sells genuine goods, whether reviews are real, whether the team behind it is who they claim to be. It identifies structural markers of legitimacy. For deeper verification — Companies House checks, KYC, identity verification, supplier audits — use specialised tools alongside this one.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the trust audit actually check?
22 signals across 8 categories: domain age and registration (WHOIS, registrar identifiable), reputation (Google Safe Browsing, backlink spam score), authority (referring domains, domain rank), identity (contact email, phone, Organization schema, social profiles), site behaviour (robots.txt presence, crawler access, AI crawler access), on-page trust signals (About, Contact, Privacy, Terms), technology stack and TLD risk. Each signal is weighted and the result is graded A to F on a 0 to 100 scale.
How is the score calculated?
Each check has a point value reflecting its real-world weight in trust assessment. Domain age over 1 year is worth 8 points because new domains are statistically overrepresented in scams. Backlink spam score is worth 6 points. Social profiles linked is worth 2 points because while useful, real businesses can succeed without them. Points for passed checks are summed, divided by total possible points, then multiplied by 100.
Why did some signals return "No data"?
DataForSEO doesn't have data for every domain — particularly very new sites (under 30 days), private subdomains, or sites with no crawl history. WHOIS hiding is also common (privacy proxies, GDPR-compliant registrars). Treat missing data as a failed check (no credit awarded) without assuming malicious intent.
Is the audit safe to run on a site I don't own?
Yes. The audit is entirely passive. It only reads publicly observable information — the same HTTP requests a normal browser would make, plus public WHOIS and DNS lookups via DataForSEO. No active payloads, no port scans, no authentication attempts.
What does the grade actually mean?
Grade A (80-100) Trustworthy; B (60-79) Generally trustworthy; C (40-59) Mixed signals; D (20-39) Use caution; F (0-19) High risk. The grade is a screening tool, not a definitive judgement; context always matters.
How long does an audit take and what does it cost?
Typically 15 to 20 seconds. All DataForSEO calls plus homepage fetch, robots.txt fetch and Safe Browsing check run in parallel. Cost is £1.99 per audit, deducted from your account credit balance. No subscription required.

🛡 Run a Trust Audit on any website

Passive screening tool — score 0 to 100 across 22 signals. £1.99 per audit.

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Related Guides: Example Trust Audit Report  ·  Beginner Tutorial  ·  Trust Audit Fixes  ·  Security Audit Guide  ·  GDPR Guide
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